SCA Board did not properly authorize any foreclosures conducted by Red Rock Financial Services

2012 Board meeting agendas & minutes

Link to 2012 minutes 001-145

2012 Specific SCA Board discussion of enforcement actions taken in secret

9/27/12 Minutes

At today’s executive session, our Board considered six requests for waivers of fees or fines, one request for a payment plan, and one request for variance of age requirement.
9/27/12 minutes page 10 of 13 Attachment 1 President’s report

10/25/12 Minutes

“At today’s executive session, our Board considered two requests for waivers of fees or fines, one request for credit, one request for a payment plan, and one request for write off of bad debt outside of the nine month super-priority.”
10/25/12 minutes page 11 of 15 Attachment 1 President’s report

11/15/12 Minutes

“At today’s executive session, our Board considered two requests for waivers of fees or fines”
11/15/12 minutes page 11 of 15 Attachment 1 President’s report

2013 Board meeting agendas & minutes

Link to 2013 minutes 001-133

2013 Specific SCA Board discussion of enforcement actions taken in secret

2/28/13 Meeting

2/28/13 Executive Session agenda

“Write off bad debt for three accounts reviewed at the 1/24/13 executive session meeting in the amount of $3,431.39 and for one account reviewed at the February 28, 2013 Executive Session meeting in the amount of $13,395.48, for a total of $16,826.87 that is outside the nine (9) month super priority lien.”
2/28/13 minutes item 17B write offs President’s Report pg. 8 of 9

3/28/13 Meeting

3/28/13 Executive Session Agenda

“At our executive session today, our Board considered one request for a waiver of fines and one request for a payment agreement. ”
3/28/13 SCA BOD minutes, President’s Report pg. 8 of 8

4/25/13 Meeting

4/25/13 Executive Session Agenda

“At today’s executive session, our Board considered one request for waivers of fees or fines and one request for a payment agreement.”
4/25/13 SCA BOD minutes, President’s Report page 9 of 10

5/23/13 Meeting

5/23/13 Executive Session Agenda

“At today’s executive session, our Board considered one request for waiver of the minimum age requirement and one request for a waiver of late fees.”
5/23/13 SCA BOD minutes President’s Report Page 8 of 8

6/27/13 Meeting

6/27/13 Executive Session Agenda

“4. ACCOUNT REQUESTS, APPEALS & HEARINGS (Action May Be Taken)
The Board of Directors will deliberate regarding unit owner appeals from imposition of fines by Committee and take action on appeal requests.
5. REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFS
The Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same. Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session. “
6/27/13 Executive Session Agenda #6

“At today’s executive session, our Board considered two requests for waivers of fees or fines”
6/27/13 SCA BOD Minutes, President’s Report page 9 of 14

7/18/13 SCA BOD minutes There was no executive session.

4. ACCOUNT REQUESTS, APPEALS & HEARINGS (Action May Be Taken)
The Board of Directors will deliberate regarding unit owner appeals from imposition of fines and/or penalties by Committee and take action on other appeal requests.
5. REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFS (Action May Be Taken)
The Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same. Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session. “
8/1/13 Executive Session agenda # 4 & 5

8/1/13 Meeting

8/1/13 Executive Session agenda
“There were no bad debt or write-offs considered at the Executive Session held earlier today. The Board considered three appeals for wavers of fines, and one appeal was returned to the committee.”
8/1/13 BOD Minutes President’s Report Page 6 of 9

8/22/13 Meeting

4. ACCOUNT REQUESTS, APPEALS & HEARINGS (Action May Be Taken)
The Board of Directors will deliberate regarding unit owner appeals from imposition of fines and/or penalties by Committee and take action on other appeal requests.
5. REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFS (Action May Be Taken)
The Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same. Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session. “
8/22/13 Executive Session agenda #4 & %

“At today’s executive session, our board considered three requests for waivers and/or a reduction and/or payment plans and one appeal.”
8/22/13 SCA BOD meeting minutes President’s Report Pg 6 of 8

9/26/13 Meeting

9/26/13 Executive Session agenda

“The Board will discuss the collectability from particular owners and the potential write off of same. Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session.”
9/26/13 Executive Session agenda #6

“At today’s executive session, your Board considered six appeals including waiver of late fees, fines or requests for payment plans.”
9/26/13 SCA BOD Meeting minutes, President’s Report: Page 8 of 20

10/24/13 Meeting

10/24/13 Executive Session Agenda

“4. ACCOUNT REQUESTS, APPEALS & HEARINGS (Action May Be Taken)
The Board of Directors will deliberate regarding unit owner appeals from imposition of fines and/or penalties by Committee and take action on other appeal requests.
5. REVIEW OF POTENTIAL FORECLOSURE PROPERTIES (Action May Be Taken)
Red Rock Financial Services will provide background documentation to support discussion of these properties by the Board of Directors
6. REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFS (Action May Be Taken)
The Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same. Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session. “
10/24/13 Executive Session Agenda #4-6

“At today’s our Board considered two requests for payment plans of delinquent assessments or waivers of fees and/or fines. We approved foreclosure proceedings on five properties and took no action on bad debt.“
10/24/13 SCA BOD Minutes, President’s report page 11 of 25

Link to “Deceptive disclosures: SCA Board 12/5/13 meeting vs. SCA 315 & RRFS 128“

12/5/13 Executive Session Agenda

“6. ACCOUNT REQUESTS, APPEALS & HEARINGS (Action May Be Taken)
The Board of Directors will deliberate regarding unit owner appeals from imposition of fines and/or penalties by Committee and take action on other appeal requests.
7. REVIEW OF POTENTIAL FORECLOSURE PROPERTIES (Action May Be Taken)
Red Rock Financial Services will provide background documentation to support discussion of these properties by the Board of Directors.
8. REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFS
The Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same. Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session. “
12/5/13 Executive Session Agenda #6-8

(minutes of open session, page 8 of 9)
“17. REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFS
“The Board of Directors, in Executive Session on December 5, 2013, reviewed the possible write off of $24,568.94 from three accounts.
ACTION ITEM
1. Approve a write off of bad debt for three accounts reviewed at the December 5, 2013 Executive Session meeting in the amount of $24,568.94 that is outside of the nine-month super priority lien.
[R20-120513] UPON motion duly made by Jean Capillupo and seconded by Jim Mayfield, the Board unanimously voted to authorize the write off of bad debt for three accounts reviewed at the December 5, 2013 Executive Session meeting in the amount of $24,568.94, that is outside of the nine-month super priority lien. “
12/5/13 SCA BOD minutes, page 8 of 11

President’s report -actions in closed session
“At each executive session, your Board considers appropriate action regarding homeowners in our community who fall behind in paying their assessments. Last month, we took action to foreclose on the liens of five properties, and this month, at this afternoon’s session we considered other seriously delinquent accounts. It is important to note that the vast majority of our neighbors meet their financial responsibilities to the Association. There are a very few, however, who do not. As I stated in the President’s Report in this month’s Spirit, we believe that it is not in the best interests of our Association for your Board to sit back and allow certain homeowners to continually neglect their financial responsibilities to our neighbors. I am pleased to report that of the five homes the Board took action on in October, at least one has paid their balance in full. We also determined that another home was foreclosed on by the City of Henderson. The Association did not and will not receive any funds as a result. plan to continue the discussion of the foreclosure process in the January Spirit, providing more detail on the impact, financial and otherwise, to the Association.
At this afternoon’s executive session, our Board approved the initiation of foreclosure on nineteen homes. This process will continue after the first of the year. “
12/5/13 BOD minutes, page 9 of 11

Page 2 Resolution [R05-120213] that SCA 315 alleged was approval of the sale

“[R05-120513] UPON motion duly made by Dan Forgeron and seconded by Jim Mayfield, the Board unanimously voted to refer the bids to the Reserve Study Work Group for analysis and recommendation presented at the January 23, 2014 regular Board meeting.“
12/5/13 Minutes Pg 2] Resolution [R05-120513]

2014 Board meeting agendas & minutes

2014 Specific SCA Board discussion of enforcement actions taken in secret

SCA board minutes show no quarterly delinquency report was given in 2014 (1/23/14, 4/25/14, 7/24/14, 10/21/14) as required by SCA bylaws 3.21(f)(v)

“(v) a delinquency report listing all Owners who are delinquent in paying any assessments at the time of the report and describing the status of any action to collect such assessments which remain delinquent…”
SCA bylaws 3.21(f)(v)

1/23/14 Meeting

1/23/14 SCA BOD Executive Session Agenda

“4.ACCOUNT REQUESTS, APPEALS & HEARINGS (Action May Be Taken)
The Board of Directors will deliberate regarding unit owner appeals from imposition of fines and/or penalties by Committee and take action on other appeal requests.
5. STATUS OF ALL SCA ACCOUNTS AT RRFS (Action May be Taken)
6.REVIEW OF POTENTIAL FORECLOSURE PROPERTIES (Action May BeTaken)
7. UPDATE ON PROPERTIES PREVIOUSLY ACTIONED FOR FORECLOSURE8.
8. REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFS
The Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same. Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session.”
1/23/14 SCA BOD Executive Session Agenda

“”In our executive session held this morning, our Board heard appeals from residents regarding assessment payments and other issues of enforcement and acted to write off bad debts in the amount of $18,349.17”
1/23/14 SCA BOD Meeting Minutes President’s Report Page 9 of 13

1/23/14 SCA BOD Executive Session Agenda

[R25-012314] UPON motion duly made by Jean Capillupo and seconded by Dan Folgeron, the Board unanimously approved the write-off of bad debt for accounts reviewed at the January 23, 2014 meeting in the amount of $18,349.17.“
1/23/14 SCA BOD Meeting Minutes , Pages 7-8, item 18

2/27/14 Meeting

2/27/14 Executive Session Agenda

“4.ACCOUNT REQUESTS, APPEALS & HEARINGS (Action May Be Taken) The Board of Directors will deliberate regarding unit owner appeals from imposition of fines and/or penalties by Committee and take action on other appeal requests.
5.STATUS OF ALL SCA ACCOUNTS AT RRFS (Action May be Taken)
6.REVIEW OF PRE-COLLECTION ACCOUNTS (Action May be Taken)
7.REVIEW OF POTENTIAL FORECLOSURE PROPERTIES (Action May Be Taken)
Red Rock Financial Services will provide background documentation to support discussion of these properties by the Board of Directors.
8.REVIEW OF PROPERTIES PREVIOUSLY ACTIONED FOR FORECLOSURE (Action May be Taken)
9.REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFS The Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same. Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session.
2/27/14 Executive Session Agenda

2/27/14 SCA BOD minutes

2/27/14 President’s Report

Item 17 Bad debt write off, Pg 6 of 15

3/27/14 Meeting

3/27/14 Executive Session Agenda

4. ACCOUNT REQUESTS, APPEALS & HEARINGS (Action May Be Taken) The Board of Directors will deliberate regarding unit owner appeals from imposition of fines and/or penalties by Committee and take action on other appeal requests. (Action May be Taken)
5. STATUS AND RECONCILATION OF ALL SCA ACCOUNTS
6. REVIEW OF POTENTIAL FORECLOSURE PROPERTIES (Action May Be Taken) Red Rock Financial Services will provide background documentation to support discussion of these properties by the Board of Directors.
7. REVIEW OF PROPERTIES PREVIOUSLY ACTIONED FOR FORECLOSURE (Action May be Taken) 8. REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFSThe Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same. Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session.
3/27/14 Executive Session Agenda

3/27/14 Item 18 Bad debt write off

Page 7 of 36 3/27/14 SCA BOD minutes

3/27/14 SCA BOD minutes

4/24/14 Meeting

4/24/14 Executive Session Agenda

4. ACCOUNT REQUESTS, APPEALS & HEARINGS (Action May Be Taken) The Board of Directors will deliberate regarding unit owner appeals from imposition of fines and/or penalties by Committee and take action on other appeal requests.
5. RED ROCK REPORT ON FORECLOSED HOMES
6. REVIEW OF POTENTIAL FORECLOSURE PROPERTIES (Action May Be Taken)
7. REVIEW OF PROPERTIES PREVIOUSLY ACTIONED FOR FORECLOSURE (Action May be Taken)
8. REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFS The Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same.
4/24/14 Executive Session Agenda PAGE 1 -2 OF 2

See 4/24/14 SCA BOD minutes

4/24/14 minutes of open session item 16 approved the action the Board took in executive session under agenda item 8.

4/24/14 SCA BOD minutes President’s Report on page 9 of 10 did not include any report of the action the Board took, or the information the Board received, under items 5, 6, or 7.

President’s report (Pg 9 of 10 4/24/14 minutes) does not report on action the Board took, or on information the Board received from RRFS, in closed session under items 5, 6, or 7.

5/22/14 Meeting

5/22/14 Executive Session Agenda

“4. ACCOUNT REQUESTS, APPEALS & HEARINGS (Action May Be Taken)Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session The Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same.
5.STATUS AND RECONCILATION OF ALL SCA ACCOUNTS (Action May Be Taken)
6. RED RECK REPORT ON FORECLOSED HOMES
8. REVIEW OF PROPERTIES PREVIOUSLY ACTIONED FOR FORECLOSURE (Action May be Taken)
9. REVIEW OF BAD DEBT & WRITE-OFFS The Board will discuss the collectability from particular unit owners and potential write-offs for the same. Write-off amounts to be discussed and decided in regular session
5/22/14 Executive Session Agenda Page 1 & 2 of 6 Agenda – Board of Directors Executive Session May 22, 2014

5/22/14 on page 7 of 14 of open Board meeting minutes, item 17, documents Board action agendized as #9 of the closed session agenda, “Review of Bad Debt” (Page 2 of 6)

5/22/14 President Report on page 9 of 14 is the same as 4/24/14 Page 9 of 10. There are no minutes related to Board action or discussion on items 4 (appeals & hearing), 5 (reconciliation of all SCA accounts), 6 (RRFS foreclosure report), 7 (review of potential foreclosures) or 8 (review of properties previously actioned for foreclosure)

President’s report (Pg 9 of 14 5/22/14 minutes) does not report on action the Board took, or on information the Board received from RRFS, in closed session under items 5, 6, or 7.

6/26/14 Meeting

6/26/14 Executive Session Agenda

6/26/14 SCA BOD minutes

6/26/14 Executive Session Agenda

6/26/14 SCA BOD minutes

Director comment

“Jim Long provided an update on Association-related foreclosures.”
Page 1 item 8 6/26/14 SCA BOD minutes

6/26/14 minutes pg 5. #16 write off bad debt

7/24/14 Meeting

7/24/14 Executive Session Agenda

7/24/14 SCA BOD minutes

SCA 7/24/14board minutes show no quarterly delinquency report was given in 2014 (1/23/14, 4/25/14, 7/24/14, 10/21/14) as required by SCA bylaws 3.21(f)(v)

“(v) a delinquency report listing all Owners who are delinquent in paying any assessments at the time of the report and describing the status of any action to collect such assessments which remain delinquent…”
SCA bylaws 3.21(f)(v)

7/24/14 SCA BOD minutes

Request for Judicial Notice: Laws & Regulations Exhibit 10 actions to determine conflicting claims to real property

Elements of Quiet Title

In Nevada, the elements for a claim of quiet title are:
1. Action may be brought by any person against another who claims an estate or interest in real property, adverse to him, for the purpose of determining such adverse claims. NRS 40.010;2. Complaint must be verified. NRS 40.090-1;
3. Summons must be issued within one year of filing the complaint and served per NRCP. NRS 40.100-1;
4. Lis Pendens must be filed with the county recorder within 10 days of filing of the complaint. NRS 40.090-3;
5. Copy of the Summons must be posted on the property within 30 days after the summons is issued, and an affidavit of posting must be filed with the court. NRS 40.100-2;
6. Disclaimer must be filed. NRS 40.020;
7. Affidavit to unknown heirs must be filed. NRS 14.040(3);
8. Court must hold a hearing on the evidence in order to issue judgment.
9. Quiet title may not be obtained through default judgment. NRS
40.110; and
10. Record a certified copy of the judgment quieting title. NRS 247.120(0).
foyner v. Bank of America Home Loans. Case No. 2:09-CV-2406-RCJ-RJJ 2010 Breliant v. Preferred Equities Corp., 112 Nev. 663, 669, 918 P.2d 314, 318 (Nev.1996); Sceirine v. Densmore. 87 Nev. 9, 12,479 P.2d 779 (1971); MacDonald v. Krause. 77 Nev. 312, 317-18, 362 P.2d 724 (Nev.1961); Clay v. Scheeline Banking & Trust Co . 40 Nev. 9, 159 P. 1081, 1082-83 (1916) No. 2:09-CV-00567-RCJ-LRL, 2009 WL 5039495 (D. Nev. 2009); Del Webb Conservation Holding Corp. v. Tolman. 44 F. Supp. 2d 1105, 1109-10 (D. Nev 1999); Union Mill v. Mining Co. v. Warren, 82 F. 519, 520 (D. Nev. 1897); Howell v. Ricci, 197 P.3d 1044, 1046 n. 1 (Nev. 2008); Breliant v. Preferred Equities Corp., 112 Nev. 663, 669, 918 P.2d 314, 318 (Nev. 1996); Sceirine v. Densmore. 87 Nev. 9, 12,479 P.2d 779 (1971); MacDonald v. Krause. 77 Nev. 312, 317-18, 362 P.2d 724 (Nev.1961); Clay v. Scheeline Banking & Trust Co .. 40 Nev. 9, 159 P. 1081, 1082-83 (1916)
Jay Young, Nevada Law Blog

Nevada statutes on property disputes

NRS 40.010 Actions may be brought against adverse claimants.

An action may be brought by any person against another who claims an estate or interest in real property, adverse to the person bringing the action, for the purpose of determining such adverse claim.
NRS 40.010

NRS 40.020 Plaintiff not entitled to costs on default judgment or disclaimer.

If the defendant in such action disclaim in the defendant’s answer any interest or estate in the property, or suffer judgment to be taken against the defendant without answer, the plaintiff shall not recover costs.
NRS 40.020

NRS 40.050 Mortgage not deemed conveyance.

A mortgage of real property shall not be deemed a conveyance, whatever its terms, so as to enable the owner of the mortgage to take possession of the real property in the absence of a foreclosure sale or in accordance with NRS 32.100 to 32.370, inclusive, NRS 107.100 or chapter 107A of NRS.
NRS 40.050

NRS 40.090 Action by person in adverse possession: Verified complaint; defendants; notice of pending litigation.

1. An action may be brought to determine the adverse claims to and clouds upon title to real property by a person who, personally or in combination with the person’s predecessors in interest, has been in the actual, exclusive and adverse possession of such property continuously for more than 15 years prior to the filing of the complaint, claiming to own the same in fee, or by any other freehold estate, against the whole world, and who has, personally or through the person’s predecessors in interest, paid all taxes of every kind levied or assessed and due against the property during the period of 5 years next preceding the filing of the complaint, except that where clouds upon title to real property have been created by such person, and the action is brought to remove such clouds, or any of them, such period of actual, exclusive and adverse possession of such property shall be for more than 10 years. The action shall be commenced by the filing of a verified complaint averring the matters above enumerated.

2. The complaint must include as defendants in such action, in addition to such persons as appear of record to have some claim, all other persons who are known, or by the exercise of reasonable diligence could be known, to plaintiff to have some claim to an estate, interest, right, title, lien or cloud in or on the land described in the complaint adverse to plaintiff’s ownership; and the complaint may also include as defendants any and all other persons, unknown, claiming any estate, right, title, interest or lien in such lands, or cloud upon the title of plaintiff thereto; and the plaintiff may describe such unknown defendants in the complaint as follows: “Also all other persons unknown claiming any right, title, estate, lien or interest in the real property described in the complaint adverse to plaintiff’s ownership, or any cloud upon plaintiff’s title thereto.”

3. Within 10 days after the filing of the complaint, plaintiff shall file or cause to be filed in the office of the county recorder of the county where the property is situated, a notice of the pendency of the action containing the matters required by NRS 14.010.

NRS 40.100 Action by person in adverse possession: Issuance, service and posting of summons; rights of unknown persons.

1. Within 1 year after the filing of the complaint, as required by NRS 40.090, a summons must be issued in the manner and form prescribed in the Nevada Rules of Civil Procedure. In addition to other requirements, the summons shall contain a description of the property described in the complaint. In the summons the unknown defendants shall be designated as in the complaint. Service of summons, whether personal or otherwise, shall be effected in the manner prescribed in the Nevada Rules of Civil Procedure; and the times for completion of service and appearance by the defendant shall be as prescribed therein.

2. Within 30 days after the issuance of the summons, the plaintiff shall post or cause to be posted a copy thereof in a conspicuous place, on each separate parcel of the property described in the complaint, and each parcel of the land upon which a copy of the summons is posted shall be deemed to be in the possession of the court for all the purposes of and pending the determination of the action. All such unknown persons so served shall have the same rights as are provided by law in cases of all other defendants named, upon whom service is made by publication or personally, and the action shall proceed against such unknown persons in the same manner as against the defendants who are named, upon whom service is made by publication or personally, and with like effect; and any such unknown person who has or claims to have any right, title, estate, lien or interest in the property, or cloud on the title thereto, adverse to plaintiff, at the time of the commencement of the action, who has been duly served as aforesaid, and anyone claiming title under the unknown person shall be concluded by the judgment in such action as effectually as if the action had been brought against the person by his or her name and personal service of process obtained, notwithstanding any such unknown person may be under legal disability.

NRS 40.110 Court to hear case; must not enter judgment by default; effect of final judgment.

1. When the summons has been served as provided in NRS 40.100 and the time for answering has expired, the court shall proceed to hear the case as in other cases and shall have jurisdiction to examine into and determine the legality of plaintiff’s title and of the title and claim of all the defendants and of all unknown persons, and to that end must not enter any judgment by default, but must in all cases require evidence of plaintiff’s title and possession and receive such legal evidence as may be offered respecting the claims and title of any of the defendants and must thereafter direct judgment to be entered in accordance with the evidence and the law. The court, before proceeding to hear the case, must require proof to be made that the summons has been served and posted as hereinbefore directed and that the required notice of pendency of action has been filed.

2. The judgment after it has become final shall be conclusive against all the persons named in the summons and complaint who have been served personally, or by publication, and against all unknown persons as stated in the complaint and summons who have been served by publication, but shall not be conclusive against the State of Nevada or the United States. The judgment shall have the effect of a judgment in rem except as against the State of Nevada and the United States; and the judgment shall not bind or be conclusive against any person claiming any recorded estate, title, right, possession or lien in or to the property under the plaintiff or the plaintiff’s predecessors in interest, which claim, lien, estate, title, right or possession has arisen or been created by the plaintiff or the plaintiff’s predecessor in interest within 10 years prior to the filing of the complaint.

NRS 40.120 Remedy is cumulative.

The remedy provided in NRS 40.090, 40.100 and 40.110 shall be construed as cumulative and not exclusive of any other remedy, form or right of action or proceeding now allowed by law.

Lis Pendens

NRS 14.010 Notice of pendency of actions affecting real property: Recording.

1. In an action for the foreclosure of a mortgage upon real property, or affecting the title or possession of real property, the plaintiff, at the time of filing the complaint, and the defendant, at the time of filing his or her answer, if affirmative relief is claimed in the answer, shall record with the recorder of the county in which the property, or some part thereof, is situated, a notice of the pendency of the action, containing the names of the parties, the object of the action and a description of the property in that county affected thereby, and the defendant shall also in the notice state the nature and extent of the relief claimed in the answer.

2. A notice of an action affecting real property, which is pending in any United States District Court for the District of Nevada may be recorded and indexed in the same manner and in the same place as provided with respect to actions pending in courts of this state.

3. From the time of recording only, except as otherwise provided in NRS 14.017, the pendency of the action is constructive notice to a purchaser or encumbrancer of the property affected thereby. In case of the foreclosure of the mortgage, all purchasers or encumbrancers, by unrecorded deed or other instrument in writing made before the recording of the notice, and after the date of the mortgage, shall be deemed purchasers or encumbrancers after the recording of the notice, and subject thereto, unless NRS 14.017 is applicable or they can show that, at the time of recording the notice, the plaintiff had actual notice of the purchase or encumbrance.

NRS 14.015 Notice of pendency of actions affecting real property: Hearing; cancellation; bond.

1. After a notice of pendency of an action has been recorded with the recorder of the county, the defendant or, if affirmative relief is claimed in the answer, the plaintiff, may request that the court hold a hearing on the notice, and such a hearing must be set as soon as is practicable, taking precedence over all other civil matters except a motion for a preliminary injunction.

2. Upon 15 days’ notice, the party who recorded the notice of pendency of the action must appear at the hearing and, through affidavits and other evidence which the court may permit, establish to the satisfaction of the court that:

(a) The action is for the foreclosure of a mortgage upon the real property described in the notice or affects the title or possession of the real property described in the notice;

(b) The action was not brought in bad faith or for an improper motive;

(c) The party who recorded the notice will be able to perform any conditions precedent to the relief sought in the action insofar as it affects the title or possession of the real property; and

(d) The party who recorded the notice would be injured by any transfer of an interest in the property before the action is concluded.

3. In addition to the matters enumerated in subsection 2, the party who recorded the notice must establish to the satisfaction of the court either:

(a) That the party who recorded the notice is likely to prevail in the action; or

(b) That the party who recorded the notice has a fair chance of success on the merits in the action and the injury described in paragraph (d) of subsection 2 would be sufficiently serious that the hardship on him or her in the event of a transfer would be greater than the hardship on the defendant resulting from the notice of pendency,

Ê and that if the party who recorded the notice prevails he or she will be entitled to relief affecting the title or possession of the real property.

4. The party opposing the notice of the pendency of an action may submit counter-affidavits and other evidence which the court permits.

5. If the court finds that the party who recorded the notice of pendency of the action has failed to establish any of the matters required by subsection 2, the court shall order the cancellation of the notice of pendency and shall order the party who recorded the notice to record with the recorder of the county a copy of the order of cancellation. The order must state that the cancellation has the same effect as an expungement of the original notice.

6. If the court finds that the party who recorded the notice of pendency of the action has established the matters required by subsection 2, the party opposing the notice may request the court to determine whether a bond in an amount to be determined by the court would provide adequate security for any damages which the party who recorded the notice might incur if the notice were so cancelled and the party opposing the notice did not prevail in the action. If the court determines that a bond would provide adequate security, the party opposing the notice may post a bond or other security in the amount determined by the court. The court shall then order the cancellation of the notice of pendency and shall order the party opposing the notice to record with the recorder of the county a copy of the order of cancellation. The order must state that the cancellation has the same effect as an expungement of the original notice.

NRS 14.017 Notice of pendency of actions affecting real property: Transferability of property after withdrawal or cancellation

1. Upon the withdrawal of a notice of the pendency of an action affecting real property, or upon the recordation of a certified copy of a court order for the cancellation of a notice of the pendency of such an action with the recorder of the county in which the notice was recorded, each person who thereafter acquires an interest in the property as a purchaser, transferee, mortgagee or other encumbrancer for a valuable consideration, except a party to the action who is not designated by a fictitious name at the time of the withdrawal or order of cancellation, shall be deemed to be without knowledge of the action or of any matter, claim or allegation contained therein, irrespective of whether the person has or at any time had actual knowledge of the action or of any matter, claim or allegation contained therein.

2. The purpose of this section is to provide for the absolute and complete transferability of real property after the withdrawal or cancellation of a notice of the pendency of an action affecting the property.

Request for Judicial Notice: Laws & Regulations Exhibit 9 Declaratory Judgments

NRS Chapter 30 Declaratory Judgments

NRS 30.030 Scope.

Courts of record within their respective jurisdictions shall have power to declare rights, status and other legal relations whether or not further relief is or could be claimed. No action or proceeding shall be open to objection on the ground that a declaratory judgment or decree is prayed for. The declaration may be either affirmative or negative in form and effect; and such declarations shall have the force and effect of a final judgment or decree.
NRS 30.030

NRS 30.040 Questions of construction or validity of instruments, contracts and statutes.

1. Any person interested under a deed, written contract or other writings constituting a contract, or whose rights, status or other legal relations are affected by a statute, municipal ordinance, contract or franchise, may have determined any question of construction or validity arising under the instrument, statute, ordinance, contract or franchise and obtain a declaration of rights, status or other legal relations thereunder.
NS 30.040

NRS 30.070 Enumeration not exclusive.

The enumeration in NRS 30.040, 30.050 and 30.060 does not limit or restrict the exercise of the general powers conferred in NRS 30.030 in any proceeding where declaratory relief is sought, in which a judgment or decree will terminate the controversy or remove an uncertainty.
NRS 30.070

NRS 30.080 Discretion of court to render or enter judgment.

The court may refuse to render or enter a declaratory judgment or decree where such judgment or decree, if rendered or entered, would not terminate the uncertainty or controversy giving rise to the proceeding.
NRS 30.080

NRS 30.090 Review.

All orders, judgments and decrees under NRS 30.010 to 30.160, inclusive, may be reviewed as other orders, judgments and decrees.
NRS 30.090

NRS 30.100 Supplemental relief.

Further relief based on a declaratory judgment or decree may be granted whenever necessary or proper. The application therefor shall be by petition to a court having jurisdiction to grant relief. If the application be deemed sufficient, the court shall, on reasonable notice, require any adverse party whose rights have been adjudicated by the declaratory judgment or decree, to show cause why further relief should not be granted forthwith.
NRS 30.100

NRS 30.110 Jury trial.

When a proceeding under NRS 30.010 to 30.160, inclusive, involves the determination of an issue of fact, such issue may be tried and determined in the same manner as issues of fact are tried and determined in other civil actions in the court in which the proceeding is pending.
NES 30.110

NRS 30.120 Costs.

In any proceeding under NRS 30.010 to 30.160, inclusive, the court may make such award of costs as may seem equitable and just.
NES 30.120

NRS 30.130 Parties.

When declaratory relief is sought, all persons shall be made parties who have or claim any interest which would be affected by the declaration, and no declaration shall prejudice the rights of persons not parties to the proceeding
NRS 30.130

NRS 30.140 Construction.

NRS 30.010 to 30.160, inclusive, are declared to be remedial; their purpose is to settle and to afford relief from uncertainty and insecurity with respect to rights, status and other legal relations; and are to be liberally construed and administered.
NRS 30.140

Request for Judicial Notice: Laws & Regulations Exhibit 8 Documentary evidence

NRS 52.235 Original required.

To prove the content of a writing, recording or photograph, the original writing, recording or photograph is required, except as otherwise provided in this title.
NRS 52.235

NRS 52.260 Record made in course of regularly conducted activity; affidavit required.

      1. The contents of a record made in the course of a regularly conducted activity in accordance with NRS 51.135, if otherwise admissible, may be proved by the original or a copy of the record which is authenticated by a custodian of the record or another qualified person in a signed affidavit.
      2. The custodian of the record or other qualified person must verify in the affidavit that the record was made:
      (a) At or near the time of the act, event, condition, opinion or diagnosis concerning which the information was recorded, by or from information transmitted by a person with knowledge of the act or event; and
      (b) In the course of the regularly conducted activity.
NRS 52.260

Request for Judicial Notice: Laws & Regulations Exhibit 7 Victim access to remedies

NRS 207.470 actions for damages resulting from racketeering.

1. Any person who is injured in his or her business or property by reason of any violation of NRS 207.400 has a cause of action against a person causing such injury for three times the actual damages sustained. An injured person may also recover attorney’s fees in the trial and appellate courts and costs of investigation and litigation reasonably incurred. The defendant or any injured person in the action may demand a trial by jury in any civil action brought pursuant to this section. Any injured person has a claim to forfeited property or the proceeds derived therefrom and this claim is superior to any claim the State may have to the same property or proceeds if the injured person’s claim is asserted before a final decree is issued which grants forfeiture of the property or proceeds to the State.

2. A final judgment or decree rendered in favor of the State in any criminal proceeding under NRS 205.322 or 207.400 estops the defendant in any subsequent civil action or proceeding from denying the essential allegations of the criminal offense.

3. Any civil action or proceeding under this section must be instituted in the district court of the State in the county in which the prospective defendant resides or has committed any act which subjects him or her to criminal or civil liability under this section or NRS 205.322, 207.400 or 207.460.

4. Any civil remedy provided pursuant to this section is not exclusive of any other available remedy or penalty.

NRS 207.480 Order of court upon determination of civil liability.

A district court may, following a determination of civil liability under NRS 207.470 or 207.490, take such actions as it deems proper, including ordering the defendant to pay all costs and expenses of the proceedings.
NRS 207.480

MEDIATION AND ARBITRATION

NRS 38.310 Limitations on commencement of certain civil actions.

NRS 38.320 Submission of claim for mediation or referral to program of dispute resolution; contents of claim; fees; service of claim; written answer.

NRS 38.330 Procedure for mediation or arbitration of claim; payment of costs and fees upon failure to obtain a more favorable award or judgment in court.

Sun City Anthem CC&Rs XVI: DISPUTE RESOLUTION AND LIMITATION ON LITIGATION

NRS 116.4117 Effect of violations on rights of action; civil action for damages for failure or refusal to comply with provisions of chapter or governing documents; members of executive board not personally liable to victims of crimes; circumstances under which punitive damages may be awarded; attorney’s fees.

      1. Subject to the requirements set forth in subsection 2, if a declarant, community manager or any other person subject to this chapter fails to comply with any of its provisions or any provision of the declaration or bylaws, any person or class of persons suffering actual damages from the failure to comply may bring a civil action for damages or other appropriate relief.
      2. Subject to the requirements set forth in NRS 38.310 and except as otherwise provided in NRS 116.3111, a civil action for damages or other appropriate relief for a failure or refusal to comply with any provision of this chapter or the governing documents of an association may be brought:
      4. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 5, punitive damages may be awarded for a willful and material failure to comply with any provision of this chapter if the failure is established by clear and convincing evidence.
      6. The court may award reasonable attorney’s fees to the prevailing party.
      7. The civil remedy provided by this section is in addition to, and not exclusive of, any other available remedy or penalty.
NRS 116.4117

Request for Judicial Notice: Laws & Regulations Exhibit 6 Sanctions & damages

Nevada Rules of Professional Conduct (as amended through 10/19/19)

Nevada Rules of Professional Conduct excerpts related to the instant action

ABA Standards for Imposing Lawyer Sanctions (as amended 1992)

ABA Standards for Imposing Lawyer Sanctions – excerpts

NRCP 11 Signing Pleadings, Motions, and Other Papers; Representations to the Court; Sanctions

(b) Representations to the Court.

(b) Representations to the Court. By presenting to the court a pleading, written motion, or other paper — whether by signing, filing, submitting, or later advocating it — an attorney or unrepresented party certifies that to the best of the person’s knowledge, information, and belief, formed after an inquiry reasonable under the circumstances:
(1) it is not being presented for any improper purpose, such as to harass, cause unnecessary delay, or needlessly increase the cost of litigation;
(2) the claims, defenses, and other legal contentions are warranted by existing law or by a nonfrivolous argument for extending, modifying, or reversing existing law or for establishing new law;
(3) the factual contentions have evidentiary support or, if specifically so identified, will likely have evidentiary support after a reasonable opportunity for further investigation or discovery; and
(4) the denials of factual contentions are warranted on the evidence or, if specifically so identified, are reasonably based on belief or a lack of information.
NRCP 11(b)

(c) Sanctions.

(1) In General. If, after notice and a reasonable opportunity to respond, the court determines that Rule 11(b) has been violated, the court may impose an appropriate sanction on any attorney, law firm, or party that violated the rule or is responsible for the violation. Absent exceptional circumstances, a law firm must be held jointly responsible for a violation committed by its partner, associate, or employee.
(2) Motion for Sanctions. A motion for sanctions must be made separately from any other motion and must describe the specific conduct that allegedly violates Rule 11(b). The motion must be served under Rule 5, but it must not be filed or be presented to the court if the challenged paper, claim, defense, contention, or denial is withdrawn or appropriately corrected within 21 days after service or within another time the court sets. If warranted, the court may award to the prevailing party the reasonable expenses, including attorney fees, incurred for presenting or opposing the motion.
(3) On the Court’s Initiative. On its own, the court may order an attorney, law firm, or party to show cause why conduct specifically described in the order has not violated Rule 11(b).
(4) Nature of a Sanction. A sanction imposed under this rule must be limited to what suffices to deter repetition of the conduct or comparable conduct by others similarly situated. The sanction may include nonmonetary directives; an order to pay a
penalty into court; or, if imposed on motion and warranted for effective deterrence, an order directing payment to the movant of part or all of the reasonable attorney fees and other expenses directly resulting from the violation.
(5) Limitations on Monetary Sanctions. The court must not impose a monetary sanction:
(A) against a represented party for violating Rule 11(b)(2); or
(B) on its own, unless it issued the show cause order under Rule 11(c)(3) before voluntary dismissal or settlement of the claims made by or against the party that is, or whose attorneys are, to be sanctioned.
(6) Requirements for an Order. An order imposing a sanction must describe the sanctioned conduct and explain the basis for the sanction.
NRCP 11(c)

NRS 18.010 Award of attorney’s fees.

2. In addition to the cases where an allowance is authorized by specific statute, the court may make an allowance of attorney’s fees to a prevailing party:
(b) Without regard to the recovery sought, when the court finds that the claim, counterclaim, cross-claim or third-party complaint or defense of the opposing party was brought or maintained without reasonable ground or to harass the prevailing party. The court shall liberally construe the provisions of this paragraph in favor of awarding attorney’s fees in all appropriate situations. It is the intent of the Legislature that the court award attorney’s fees pursuant to this paragraph and impose sanctions pursuant to Rule 11 of the Nevada Rules of Civil Procedure in all appropriate situations to punish for and deter frivolous or vexatious claims and defenses because such claims and defenses overburden limited judicial resources, hinder the timely resolution of meritorious claims and increase the costs of engaging in business and providing professional services to the public
NRS 18.010(2)(b)

NRS 42.005 Exemplary and punitive damages: In general; limitations on amount of award; determination in subsequent proceeding.

1. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 42.007, in an action for the breach of an obligation not arising from contract, where it is proven by clear and convincing evidence that the defendant has been guilty of oppression, fraud or malice, express or implied, the plaintiff, in addition to the compensatory damages, may recover damages for the sake of example and by way of punishing the defendant. Except as otherwise provided in this section or by specific statute, an award of exemplary or punitive damages made pursuant to this section may not exceed:
(a) Three times the amount of compensatory damages awarded to the plaintiff if the amount of compensatory damages is $100,000 or more;
3. If punitive damages are claimed pursuant to this section, the trier of fact shall make a finding of whether such damages will be assessed. If such damages are to be assessed, a subsequent proceeding must be conducted before the same trier of fact to determine the amount of such damages to be assessed. The trier of fact shall make a finding of the amount to be assessed according to the provisions of this section. The findings required by this section, if made by a jury, must be made by special verdict along with any other required findings. The jury must not be instructed, or otherwise advised, of the limitations on the amount of an award of punitive damages prescribed in subsection 1.
NRS 42.005 (1) (3)

NRS 41.1395 Action for damages for injury or loss suffered by older or vulnerable person from abuse, neglect or exploitation; double damages; attorney’s fees and costs.

1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, if an older person or a vulnerable person suffers a personal injury or death that is caused by abuse or neglect or suffers a loss of money or property caused by exploitation, the person who caused the injury, death or loss is liable to the older person or vulnerable person for two times the actual damages incurred by the older person or vulnerable person.
2. If it is established by a preponderance of the evidence that a person who is liable for damages pursuant to this section acted with recklessness, oppression, fraud or malice, the court shall order the person to pay the attorney’s fees and costs of the person who initiated the lawsuit.
4. For the purposes of this section:
(b) “Exploitation” means any act taken by a person who has the trust and confidence of an older person or a vulnerable person or any use of the power of attorney or guardianship of an older person or a vulnerable person to:

             (1) Obtain control, through deception, intimidation or undue influence, over the money, assets or property of the older person or vulnerable person with the intention of permanently depriving the older person or vulnerable person of the ownership, use, benefit or possession of that person’s money, assets or property; or
             (2) Convert money, assets or property of the older person with the intention of permanently depriving the older person or vulnerable person of the ownership, use, benefit or possession of that person’s money, assets or property.
      (d) “Older person” means a person who is 60 years of age or older.
NRS 41.1395

“Legal Issues Related to Elder Abuse: A Desk Guide for Law Enforcement” American Bar Association

Request for Judicial Notice: Laws & Regulations Exhibit 5 Limits on Fraud and Racketeering

NRS 111.175 Conveyances made to defraud prior or subsequent purchasers are void.

NRS 205.330 Fraudulent conveyances.

NRS 205.372 Mortgage lending fraud; penalties; civil action.

NRS 205.377 Multiple transactions involving fraud or deceit in course of enterprise or occupation; penalty.

1. A person shall not, in the course of an enterprise or occupation, knowingly and with the intent to defraud, engage in an act, practice or course of business or employ a device, scheme or artifice which operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon a person by means of a false representation or omission of a material fact that:
      (a) The person knows to be false or omitted;
      (b) The person intends another to rely on; and
      (c) Results in a loss to any person who relied on the false representation or omission,
NRS 205.377

NRS 205.380 Obtaining money, property, rent or labor by false pretenses.

NRS 205.395 False representation concerning title; penalties; civil action.

NRS 207.230 Acting without lawful authority.

NRS 205.405 Falsifying accounts.

NRS 207.360 “Crime related to racketeering” defined.

9. Taking property from another under circumstances not amounting to robbery;
18. Grand larceny;
26. Receiving, possessing or withholding stolen goods valued at $650 or more;
27. Embezzlement of money or property valued at $650 or more;
28. Obtaining possession of money or property valued at $650 or more, or obtaining a signature by means of false pretenses;
29. Perjury or subornation of perjury;
30. Offering false evidence;
35. Any violation of NRS 205.377;
NRS 207.360

NRS 207.400 Unlawful acts; penalties.

NRS 207.470 civil actions for damages resulting from racketeering.

1. Any person who is injured in his or her business or property by reason of any violation of NRS 207.400 has a cause of action against a person causing such injury for three times the actual damages sustained. An injured person may also recover attorney’s fees in the trial and appellate courts and costs of investigation and litigation reasonably incurred. The defendant or any injured person in the action may demand a trial by jury in any civil action brought pursuant to this section. Any injured person has a claim to forfeited property or the proceeds derived therefrom and this claim is superior to any claim the State may have to the same property or proceeds if the injured person’s claim is asserted before a final decree is issued which grants forfeiture of the property or proceeds to the State.
4. Any civil remedy provided pursuant to this section is not exclusive of any other available remedy or penalty

NRS 207.480 Order of court upon determination of civil liability.

NRS 207.520 Limitation of actions.

ANTI-FORECLOSURE FRAUD LAWS

AB 284 (2011) summary and legislative digest

Nevada’s 2011 anti-foreclosure fraud “robo-signing” bill amended NRS 107 and NRS 205 to make these changes:

specifies duties of the trustee;
assignments not effective unless and until recorded;
a notarized affidavit under penalty of perjury that the lender or trustee is in actual possession of the note;
civil penalties for mortgage lending fraud;
Section 9 amends NRS 107.080, which is one of the main statutes related to foreclosures.
It requires a notice of default or “NOD” to include a notarized affidavit of the trustee’s authority to exercise the power of sale.
The affidavit must spell out all the money that is owed, and must include a statement under penalty of perjury that the lender or the trustee is in actual possession of the note.
As in section 6, it sets forth civil penalties for violations.

NRS 107.028 Trustees: Qualifications; limitations on powers

2. A trustee under a deed of trust must not be the beneficiary of the deed of trust for the purposes of exercising the power of sale pursuant to NRS 107.080.
NRS 107.028(2)

12 CFR1026.39 Mortgage transfer disclosures – Truth in Lending (TILA) requirements of disclosure of change of beneficiary

SB 321 (2013) Nevada Homeowner Bill of Rights – prevention of “dual tracking”

Request for Judicial Notice: Laws & Regulations Exhibit 3 Limits on HOA agents’ & managers’ authority to act

NRS 116.310313 Collection of past due obligation; charge of reasonable fee to collect.

2. The provisions of this section apply to any costs of collecting a past due obligation charged to a unit’s owner, regardless of whether the past due obligation is collected by the association itself or by any person acting on behalf of the association, including, without limitation, an officer or employee of the association, a community manager or a collection agency.
NRS 116.310313 (2)

NRS 116.310315 Accounting for fines imposed by association.

NRS 116.31083 Meetings of executive board; frequency of meetings; notice of meetings; periodic review of certain financial and legal matters at meetings; requirements concerning minutes of meetings; right of units’ owners to make audio recordings of certain meetings.

NRS 116.31084 Voting by member of executive board; disclosures; abstention from voting on certain matters.

NRS 116.31085 Right of units’ owners to speak at certain meetings; limitations on right; limitations on power of executive board to meet in executive session; procedure governing hearings on alleged violations; requirements concerning minutes of certain meetings.

NRS 116.31087 Right of units’ owners to have certain complaints placed on agenda of meeting of executive board.

HOA managing agents are fiduciaries

NRS 116A.620 Management agreement: Contents; requirements; community manager to provide executive board with evidence of insurance; community manager to provide executive board with copy; changes; termination or assignment

3/31/14 management agrement FirstService Residential and Sun City Anthem

4/27/12 debt collection agreement FirstService Residential dba Red Rock Financial Services and Sun City Anthem includes an unenforced indemnification clause that unjustly enriches Red Rock’s undisclosed principals

NRS 116A.630 Standards of practice for community managers.

In addition to any additional standards of practice for community managers adopted by the Commission by regulation pursuant to NRS 116A.400, a community manager shall:
      1. Except as otherwise provided by specific statute, at all times:
      (a) Act as a fiduciary in any client relationship; and
      (b) Exercise ordinary and reasonable care in the performance of duties.
NRS 116A.630(1)(a)

Agents owe duties to the HOA & have no independent rights to profits

NRS 205.405 Falsifying accounts

NRS 207.230 Acting without lawful authority.

NRS 116.3116-NRS 116.31168 (2013)

NRS 116.31164(3)(2013) Ministerial duties after an HOA sale

Red Rock did not comply with NRS 116.31164 (3) (b) or (c)

NRS 116A.640 Community manager prohibited from engaging in certain acts; exceptions.

In addition to the standards of practice for community managers set forth in NRS 116A.630 and any additional standards of practice adopted by the Commission by regulation pursuant to NRS 116A.400, a community manager shall not:
8. Intentionally apply a payment of an assessment from a unit’s owner towards any fine, fee or other charge that is due.
9. Refuse to accept from a unit’s owner payment of any assessment, fine, fee or other charge that is due because there is an outstanding payment due.
10. Collect any fees or other charges from a client not specified in the management agreement.
NRS 116A.640 (8), (9), (10)

9. Taking property from another under circumstances not amounting to robbery;
29. Perjury or subornation of perjury;
30. Offering false evidence;
NRS 207.360 (9) (29) (30)

HOA Governing Documents

SCA third amended & restated CC&Rs 2008

SCA Third Amended and Restated Bylaws, 2008

Sun City Anthem CC&Rs 7.4 Compliance & Enforcement

Sun City Anthem bylaws 3.15 Open HOA Board meetings

Sun City Anthem bylaws 3.15A Executive session HOA Board meeting

Sun City Anthem bylaws 3.17 Powers of the HOA Board

Sun City Anthem bylaws 3.18. Duties of the HOA Board

Sun City Anthem bylaws 3.20. Management; Defines what HOA Board duties SHALL not be delegated

Sun City Anthem bylaws 3.25. Board standards. Directors are fiduciaries

Sun City Anthem bylaws 3.21 (f)(v) Delinquency reports must be published quarterly

Sun City Anthem bylaws 3.21 Accounts and reports: delinquency report

(f)(v) a delinquency report listing all Owners who are delinquent in paying any assessments at the time of the report and describing the status of any action to collect such assessments which remain delinquent ( any assessment or installment thereof shall be considered to be delinquent on the 15th day following the due date unless otherwise specified by Board resolution).
SCa bylaws 3.21 (f)(v)

Sun City Anthem bylaws 3.26. Enforcement procedures

Request for Judicial Notice: Laws & Regulations Exhibit 4 Limits on conveyance of real property

NRS 111 Statute of Frauds

NRS 111.105 Conveyances by deed.

NRS 111.120 Conditions necessary before proof by subscribing witness can be taken.

NRS 111.125 Proof required from subscribing witnesses.

NRS 111.175 Conveyances made to defraud prior or subsequent purchasers are void.

NRS 111.180 Bona fide purchaser: Conveyance not deemed fraudulent in favor of bona fide purchaser unless subsequent purchaser had actual knowledge, constructive notice or reasonable cause to know of fraud.

Relevant to Jimijack’s 6/9/15 inadmissible deed.

See 1/11/17 Nona Tobin’s Declaration under penalty of perjury

All subsequent transfers of Jimijack’s defective deed were void.

NRS 111.340 Certificate of acknowledgment and record may be rebutted. Neither the certificate of the acknowledgment nor of the proof of any conveyance or instrument, nor the record, nor the transcript of the record, of such conveyance or instrument, shall be conclusive, but the same may be rebutted.

NRS 111.345 Proof taken upon oath of incompetent witness: Instrument not admissible until established by competent proof. If the party contesting the proof of any conveyance or instrument shall make it appear that any such proof was taken upon the oath of an incompetent witness, neither such conveyance or instrument, nor the record thereof, shall be received in evidence, until established by other competent proof.

NRS 240 NOTARY PUBLICS

NRS 240.120 Journal of notarial acts: Duty to maintain; contents; verification based upon credible witness; copy of entry; storage; period of retention; report of loss or theft; exceptions.

NRS 240.155 Notarization of signature of person not in presence of notary public unlawful; penalty.

NRS 240.075 Prohibited acts. A notary public shall not:

2. Certify an instrument containing a statement known by the notary public to be false.
3. Perform any act as a notary public with intent to deceive or defraud, including, without limitation, altering the journal that the notary public is required to keep pursuant to NRS 240.120.
NRS 240.075

NRS 240.147 Unlawful destruction, defacement or concealment of notarial record.

2012 Board meeting agendas & minutes

2012 Specific SCA Board discussion of enforcement actions taken in secret

9/27/12 Minutes

10/25/12 Minutes

11/15/12 Minutes

2013 Board meeting agendas & minutes

2013 Specific SCA Board discussion of enforcement actions taken in secret

2/28/13 Meeting

3/28/13 Meeting

4/25/13 Meeting

5/23/13 Meeting

6/27/13 Meeting

8/1/13 Meeting

8/22/13 Meeting

9/26/13 Meeting

10/24/13 Meeting

Link to “Deceptive disclosures: SCA Board 12/5/13 meeting vs. SCA 315 & RRFS 128“

Page 2 Resolution [R05-120213] that SCA 315 alleged was approval of the sale

2014 Board meeting agendas & minutes

Link to 2014 minutes 001-187

2014 Specific SCA Board discussion of enforcement actions taken in secret

1/23/14 Meeting

2/27/14 Meeting

2/27/14 President’s Report

Item 17 Bad debt write off, Pg 6 of 15

3/27/14 Meeting

3/27/14 Item 18 Bad debt write off

4/24/14 Meeting

4/24/14 minutes of open session item 16 approved the action the Board took in executive session under agenda item 8.

4/24/14 SCA BOD minutes President’s Report on page 9 of 10 did not include any report of the action the Board took, or the information the Board received, under items 5, 6, or 7.

5/22/14 Meeting

5/22/14 on page 7 of 14 of open Board meeting minutes, item 17, documents Board action agendized as #9 of the closed session agenda, “Review of Bad Debt” (Page 2 of 6)

6/26/14 Meeting

Director comment

6/26/14 minutes pg 5. #16 write off bad debt

7/24/14 Meeting

Nevada statutes on property disputes

NRS 40.010 Actions may be brought against adverse claimants.

NRS 40.020 Plaintiff not entitled to costs on default judgment or disclaimer.

NRS 40.050 Mortgage not deemed conveyance.

NRS 40.090 Action by person in adverse possession: Verified complaint; defendants; notice of pending litigation.

NRS 40.100 Action by person in adverse possession: Issuance, service and posting of summons; rights of unknown persons.

NRS 40.110 Court to hear case; must not enter judgment by default; effect of final judgment.

NRS 40.120 Remedy is cumulative.

Lis Pendens

NRS 14.010 Notice of pendency of actions affecting real property: Recording.

NRS 14.015 Notice of pendency of actions affecting real property: Hearing; cancellation; bond.

NRS 14.017 Notice of pendency of actions affecting real property: Transferability of property after withdrawal or cancellation

NRS 30.030 Scope.

NRS 30.130 Parties.

NRS 207.470 actions for damages resulting from racketeering.

NRS 207.480 Order of court upon determination of civil liability.

MEDIATION AND ARBITRATION

Nevada Rules of Professional Conduct (as amended through 10/19/19)

Nevada Rules of Professional Conduct excerpts related to the instant action

ABA Standards for Imposing Lawyer Sanctions (as amended 1992)

NRCP 11 Signing Pleadings, Motions, and Other Papers; Representations to the Court; Sanctions

(b) Representations to the Court.

(c) Sanctions.

NRS 18.010 Award of attorney’s fees.

NRS 42.005 Exemplary and punitive damages: In general; limitations on amount of award; determination in subsequent proceeding.

NRS 41.1395 Action for damages for injury or loss suffered by older or vulnerable person from abuse, neglect or exploitation; double damages; attorney’s fees and costs.

“Legal Issues Related to Elder Abuse: A Desk Guide for Law Enforcement” American Bar Association

NRS 207.360 “Crime related to racketeering” defined.

NRS 207.470 civil actions for damages resulting from racketeering.

ANTI-FORECLOSURE FRAUD LAWS

HOA managing agents are fiduciaries

Agents owe duties to the HOA & have no independent rights to profits

HOA Governing Documents

NRS 111 Statute of Frauds

Relevant to Jimijack’s 6/9/15 inadmissible deed.

All subsequent transfers of Jimijack’s defective deed were void.

NRS 240 NOTARY PUBLICS

Appeals to the Nevada Supreme Court